Glorious 50 years of computer development in China Water Conservancy Information Applications column
Hydrological information at or through the optical input plane for input, and finally to rely on technical staff in front lighting units encoding five holes on the translation and proofreading.
Start early, relatively slow, this is Deputy Director of Ministry of Water Resources Water Information Centre on Water Resources and Information Cai Yang's personal experience. According to reports, water resources information started in the 70s of the 20th century, when aggregated mainly around the hydrological information, treatment started.
From 1979 to 1980, started a number of hydrological information sources of information processing. At that time the conditions are very primitive, only large research institutions nationwide have made the computer DJS-6 or the DJS-130.
Despite difficult conditions, or the reunification of the country developed a hydrological information applications, led the water industry (particularly hydrological services) to process information by computer initiative. Hydrological information at or through the optical input plane for input, and finally to rely on technical staff in front lighting units encoding five holes on the translation and proofreading.
Before and after 90 years of the 20th century, water gradually to computer information and network as a platform transition. After the 1998 flood, the State Flood Control Command System's vision to speed up the process. Jinshui project started in 2001 while a further boost to the National Water information system.
Construction of flood control and driver information
1993 to promote the national flood control system engineering, information on water infrastructure improvement played a significant role. State Flood Control and Command System, is an important part of Jinshui project. From 1993 to try to do the project design in 1998, 2003, be approved. Many grass-roots projects that rely on information technology to support this project.
Flood Control and Water Resources of China has been the highlight of the work. Began in 1993, the State Flood Control and Drought Relief Command System, the current one phase of the project has been approved by the State Development and Reform Commission, the preliminary design work has been completed.
The project completed 23 sub-centers hydrological model to the building and four construction workers mutual affection and Yongding River basin pilot centers Microwave System; completed the seven areas of the National Prevention Office and the remote consultation system construction sector the implementation of the Yangtze River Flood Control and Command System, part of the project carried out experimental work; in 2005 also completed the construction of water conservancy information backbone network, currently being implemented in consultation with flood and drought control remote video conference system.
Water rising level of automation of information collection, nearly 50% of the rainfall and water level monitoring data, monitoring data collection is digitized long-term automatic recording, traffic and other elements of the automatic tests also had positive attitude. Water quality monitoring, water and soil conservation monitoring, automatic real-time monitoring water levels rising.
Water Information backbone basically completed, and initially built a nationwide real-time hydrological computer wide area network, to achieve the most important flood control and water situation in the on-line real-time detection of information exchange. State Flood Control and Drought Relief Command System relies on the first phase construction of the backbone of the national water information network construction has been completed, the initial realization of the Ministry of Water Resources and the watershed organizations and the provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) of water administration departments of the broadband Internet, 14 provinces have been or are being implementation and to the municipal administrative department of the interconnection of water, from the central to provincial, city water information network is forming.
Water resources and enrich the data, based on the implementation of the national hydrological database, 1 / 250 000 Water based spatial database, irrigation policies and regulations database, water conservancy construction of digital library pilot as the representative of the professional database development. National Soil Database, the National Irrigation Development Plan database, the national socio-economic information base flood, irrigation, basic immigration information database, the national database of flood control projects under active construction.
July 7, 2006, Ministry of Water Resources Informatization Leading Group Office of the Organization held in Beijing, “Water Resources Information Network Operation and Management” seminar.
Cai Yang at the seminar pointed out that the Water Information Network is an important information infrastructure and information technology work for the Global Water has an important supporting role. After years of efforts to link Water bodies, watershed organizations and the provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities), cities of three water sector of water Xinxi network is Zhubu playing an increasingly significant form and significant of the benefits, for the realization of voice, data, Image transmission and sharing network laid the foundation for a variety of applications. First half of 2005, the backbone network construction has been basically completed, realized the Ministry of Water Resources and the seven river basin agencies and the provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) of water administration departments of the broadband Internet; Water authorities and the government in Beijing directly under the unit has been achieved within the network interconnection Ministry of Water Resources and the seven river basin institutions within the network of interconnected government is nearing completion.
Governance “Four Rivers”
The year 2001 is the construction of water conservancy information banner year. Ministry of Water Resources Informatization Leading Group in April 2001 explicitly Water information system named “Jin Shui works”, and has been used since then, Ministry of Water Resources to complete the preparation of the formal organization the “National Water Resources Information Planning,” (that is, “Jin Shui Project Planning “), preparation, and was formally issued in 2004.
Also in that year, Ministry of Water Resources committees established “to promote water information water modernization” and its development. 2002, “Jin Shui Works” is listed as 15 countries to build during the 12 key business systems in the world. 2004 National Conference on Water Resources and the Office of the Secretary, the comprehensive e-government construction of water conservancy, as the 2010 top ten goals.
“Water's four major problems: water and more water, less water, muddy, dirty water. The water more than necessary flood control; water less need for drought; water muddy, need water and soil conservation; water dirty, need environmental protection.” Cai Yang for water Information given in this work the core of the explanation.
“15″ period, with the new ideas of water gradually practice and Jin works has been rapid development. Initiated by the State Flood Control and Drought Relief Command System a project, the National Soil Monitoring Network and Information System (1), Ministry of Water Resources and the seven major river basin water agency e-government phase of the construction of water control system for real-time marked Water Information of special project.
In the Yangtze Dyke Strengthening Project, rule too works to harness the project, River, Heihe area of integrated water resources planning and ecological environment protection projects, the capital protection of water resources projects carried out a number of medium-sized water conservancy projects supporting the information technology project construction.
Use of foreign governments or organizations, loans or grants, funded projects in a number of projects, are also different levels of information technology supporting the implementation of the project construction, such as: the Yangtze River flood control decision-making chain of command, the Han River flood warning, flood of the Yellow River, Songhua River Flood Control, Hunan, Hubei and Jiangxi provinces of urban flood control projects; Xinjiang's Tarim Basin, Hexi Corridor, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Huai-Hai Plain, and other places Irrigation District projects; Plateau, Fujian, Heilongjiang, Jilin, soil and water conservation projects; Xiaolangdi Project (2) Immigration projects; part of human resources training and cooperation and exchange projects.
Some countries with the technological transformation of key hydrological sites, but also enhanced rainfall, hydrological, engineering conditions, the disaster information collection, transmission capacity of Telemetry.
Some areas also raise funds through multiple channels to conduct a pilot digital watershed construction, and actively explore and introduce a lot of information work in new technologies, new methods, new experiences. Such as: Digital Yellow River, the digital Yangtze River, Haihe River and other digital projects.
Although progress has been made Jinshui works, but on the whole, water resources information infrastructure is still weak, lack of outstanding performance in information resources, information sharing difficult, more comprehensive service of information resources and weak. The work of water conservancy construction and operation of information management system is not sound, the lack of a stable investment channel for security planning to full implementation of goal difficulty is still greater. In the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan” period, the full completion of the State Flood Control and Drought Relief Command System of a project, the National Soil and Water Conservation Monitoring and Management Information System (1), irrigation of E-government platform (1) and the National Water Resources Data Center Construction basis, it will start, “Jin Shui project” other related construction projects. In promoting development and integration of business applications, but also will enhance the standard and safe system.
Deputy Director Ministry of Water Resources Water Information Centre Cai Yang
Water quality monitoring vehicle
2002 National Forum on Water Information
Groundwater automatic inspection station
Automatic Data Acquisition
Link
Jinshui Project
Ministry of Water Resources Informatization Leading Group in April 2001 explicitly Water information system named “Jin Shui works”, and has been used since then, Ministry of Water Resources to complete the preparation of the formal organization the “National Water Resources Planning Information” (”Jin Shui Works Plan “) preparation, and in 2004 issued an official.
(A) Construction Target Jinshui
Use 3 to 5 years, extensive development of Water Resources, Water Information Network basically completed, the State Water Resources Data Centre and security system, full range of water information infrastructure construction; improve information technology operation and management system, unified standards and strengthening personnel training and create a water information security environment; basically completed the State Flood Control and Drought Relief Command System of a project and the National Soil and Water Conservation Monitoring and Management Information System, a comprehensive water resources management decision support system start, water quality monitoring and evaluation of information systems and water management system of administrative resources construction, deployment of other business applications development, basically an integrated water information system, and effectively solve the shortage of resources and resource sharing of information difficult to meet basic operational requirements to provide information services to improve the administrative efficiency of the water.
(B) of the basic tasks of the project Jinshui
Construction of water conservancy information infrastructure, and create a water information to protect the environment, development of ten key business applications, building integrated water information system.
1, water conservancy construction of information infrastructure
(1) information collection system
By supplementing the existing information collection system, improve and integrate the information collected to improve timeliness and enhance information gathering capabilities, rich content collection to improve overall system utilization, form a comprehensive information collection system.
Relying on the recent construction of special business, the information collected on the scope, content to make unified arrangements, according to enrich the existing system to integrate the principles, start the construction of integrated information acquisition system, the initial key business applications to meet the urgent need for information collection.
(2) Water Information Network
Built to connect the Water Sector at all levels and departments of the national water information network, data exchange for business applications, video messaging and voice communications services.
Recent State Flood Control and Drought Relief Command System relies on a project, the construction of the Central Government, City & center down to the ground water information network outside the network of government, to achieve information collection nodes to collect information at all levels of interconnection between nodes; relying on e-government water a construction authority to the Ministry of Water Resources Water Resources Administration within the river basin organization network, secret information and office information to achieve the transfer.
(3) Water Resources Data Centre
Water Resources Data Centre by the State Water Resources Data Centre, River Basin sub-centers and the provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) data management nodes together constitute, in the water information collection, storage, processing and services play a central role in the process, a complete infrastructure system is an important part. Through the Water Resources Data Centre building, the sharing of information resources and optimizing the allocation of business applications to meet the multi-level, multi-objective integrated information service needs.
Recently, the State Water Resources Data Centre of the pilot projects as the main content, select some sub-basin Water Resources Data Centre to carry out the pilot projects for the watershed sub-centers and the provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) building a data management node exploration experience, improve standards and provide demonstrations.
2, the business application system
Recent water business applications to the State Flood Control and Drought Relief Command System, water resources management decision support system, water and soil conservation monitoring and management information systems, water quality monitoring and evaluation of information systems and water resource management system construction administration focus its initial application to meet business needs .
Water service application system in the central, river basin and provincial (autonomous regions and municipalities) applications are similar. The valley and the country as provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) geographical location, economic and social development, management, range and different levels, the business system applications in different nodes need to have different emphases, all levels of application systems according to local objective realities and different applications targeted building.
3, protection of environment
Water information security environment by the water conservancy information system, security system, construction and operation management, policies and regulations, operation and maintenance funds and personnel and other factors constitute the. Water Resources and information security environment is an integral part of the integrated system is the smooth water of information the basic supports.
To ensure that water infrastructure and business applications of information system construction of the smooth running of the continued stability and the role of effectively protect the environment of the building must be combined with, coordinate, and moderate advance.
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